The first volume covers events from Paleolithic times to the end of the 1st third of the 1st century A.D. The processes of the emergence and chronology of the formation of the main ideological doctrines that guided the development of mankind (monarchism, republicanism and democracy) are considered against a broad historical background. It is shown that the birth of these doctrines is due to the presence of religiosity, or its denial. A new concept of the staged development of mankind is given. For a wide range of readers.